Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus, and one that can seriously ruin your holiday. Current and historical conditions indexed list of current and historical nationally notifiable conditions. Dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread. In this study we have made an attempt to describe the variety of clinical presentation of dengue fever, risk factors and complications of the illness in children. There are four dengue virus denv types denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4, all of which are capable of inducing severe disease dengue hemorrhagic fever dhfdengue shock syndrome dss. Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and is caused by one of four dengue viruses. Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. Clinical management and treatment of patients suspected with dengue should be initiated. Download dengue guideline 2018 for sigh symptoms, investigations and treatment of dengue. Dengue fever treatment as with most viruses, treatment options for dengue will only manage its symptoms. In some cases it leads to dengue haemorrhagic fever, also known as severe dengue, which affects the bodys vascular system how blood moves through the body. Presenting features may range from asymptomatic fever to dreaded complications such as hemorrhagic fever and shock. Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can cause bleeding problems in people with dengue.
While recovering from dengue fever, watch for signs and symptoms of dehydration. Dengue fever df is an acute febrile viral disease frequently presenting with headaches, bone or joint and muscular pains, rash. Treatment of dengue fever df, dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue fever is the most rapidly spreading mosquitoborne disease caused by the flavivirus and is transmitted by mosquito aedes aegypti aedes aegypti mosquito. The world health organization who has provided a number of free publications about dengue supportive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and. This acute febrile illness can be a deadly infection in cases of severe manifestation, causing dengue hemorrhagic shock.
Mind it, there is no vaccine available for the treatment of dengue fever currently. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Treatment of dengue fever, in some patients, requires oral hydration and pain control, usually with tylenol acetaminophen at home. Guidelines on management of df dhf in adults epidemiology unit. The actual dengue burden of dengue infection is likely more than 3 times the burden estimate clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic fever management for asian economic community. Pdf the endemic area for dengue fever extends over 60 countries, and approximately 2. For a typical dengue fever, the treatment is purely concerned with the relief of symptoms. Undifferentiated fevermay be the most common manifestation ofdengueprospective study found that 87% of patientsinfected were either asymptomatic or only mildlysymptomaticother prospective. Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquitoborne infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. If you think you have dengue pdf icon pdf 1 page see a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. The vaccine, however, is only recommended in those who have been previously infected. Place of adjunctive therapy in the management of dhf. Fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever in adults during a dengue epidemic.
You can only relieve the symptoms until the infection has gone. Infection with the dengue virus can cause severe flulike symptoms. Dengue is an acute viral illness caused by rna virus of the family flaviviridae and spread by aedes mosquitoes. Countries or territories in which dengue or dengue haemorrhagic fever is known to occur, by who region, 19751996 pdf, 26kb annex 2. Pain relievers that dont make bleeding worse may be taken, such as tylenol acetaminophen. The tropical and subtropical areas, in particular, have been the main concern to who world health organization and governments. Dengue virus infection is spread primarily by the mosquito vector aedes aegypti and causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate. The fda approved in 2011 the first test denv detect igm capture elisa to help diagnose people with signs and symptoms of dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever. It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4. Once you are infected with one of the dengue viruses, you will develop immunity to that. In 2004, of 3186 cases of dengue fever dfhemorrhagic dengue fever dhf admitted to our institution, there were cases of dhf and seven dengueassociated deaths. Pdf on jan 1, 2016, anum jaweria and others published dengue fever. Disease surveillance and outbreak prevention and control pdf, 58kb chapter 7. A cuteonset high fever, muscle and joint pain, myalgia, cutaneous rash. Chapter 1 epidemiology, burden of disease and transmission. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment and should not be relied on to make decisions about your health. Treatment in the early stages of dengue fever is oral rehydration therapy and acetaminophen for fever or pain, aspirin and nsaids like ibuprofen should be avoided as they increase risk of bleeding. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf treatment of dengue fever article pdf available in infection and drug resistance 51. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever.
Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever introduction dengue is a mosquitoborne infection, which in recent years has become a major international public health concern. A study on clinical presentation of dengue fever in children. In november 2009, the world health organization who issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue. Consequently, the hunt for antidengue herbs and other medicinal plants have become necessary more than ever. Clinical manifestations of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever undifferentiated fever classic dengue fever dengue hemorrhagic fever dengue shock syndrome 14. Dengue has become a widespread infection over the past few year, extending from endemic to nonendemic areas. Some symptoms of dengue fever include joint pain, muscle paint, vomiting, headache, rack and high fever. Handbook for clinical management of dengue 2012 who. Dengue fever nord national organization for rare disorders.
As the death toll is rising day by day yet, the city corporation is taking not enough precautions lately. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. There is no specific antiviral treatment currently available for dengue fever. Transmission from human to human is predominantly by the mosquito aedes aegypti, which bites in the daytime, is adapted to human habitats and has a preference for human blood meals. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection.
If symptoms progress to severe dengue fever then medical care is critical to reduce the mortality rate. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. After a person is infected by the virus, the symptoms will begin from 3 to 14 days. Schematic depiction of the symptoms of dengue fever. Clinical findings include nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains, a positive tourniquet test, leukopenia, and the following. Dengue fever dengue virus and zika virus infections have similar clinical manifestations and are transmitted by the same mosquito vector. Guidelines for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Your doctor may recommend that you drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration from vomiting and a high fever. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by a flavivirus transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes while taking a blood meal. Call your doctor right away if you develop any of the following. Following these meetings, guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and control of dengue fever were developed by the world health organization who in 1975. Treat the symptoms of dengue and see your healthcare provider.
Other methods of prevention include reducing mosquito habitat and limiting exposure to bites. The epidemiological data and guidelines for treatment were downloaded from the websites of international agencies, including the world. Dengue fever vaccine, symptoms, treatment, prevention. The incubation period is the time since infection till the appearance of the first symptom of the disease. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of. It is an important cause of fever in the returned traveller. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Racgp dengue clinical and public health ramifications.
Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases. Dengue fever is a viral disease that is spread by infected mosquitoes. Dengue fever is diagnosed by testing a blood sample for the presence of the dengue virus or its antibodies, specifically immunoglobulin m igm. Guidelines for patient care in the region of the americas. This increase is believed to be to be due to multiple factors. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a. Treatment of pain should not include nonsteroidal anti. Clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic.
Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. Patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin acetylsalicylic acid, aspirincontaining drugs, and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen because of their anticoagulant properties. A vaccine for dengue fever has been approved and is commercially available in a number of countries. Clinical implications and treatment of dengue core.
Because dengue fever is spread by a virus, there is no specific medicine or antibiotic to treat it. Dengue is found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, predominantly in urban and semiurban areas. Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. Between ew 1 and ew 5 of 2020, 155,343 dengue cases were. Dengue is a vectorborne viral infection and a globally important public health problem.
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